A new book examined the impact of different institutions (the familial household, commercial enterprises, and welfare state institutions) on well-being in European countries, focusing on gender issues. The proper balance of these institutions was a prerequisite of well-being – for both care givers and care receivers, and also for satisfactory gender relations.
Source: Elisabetta Addis, Paloma de Villota, Florence Degavre, and John Eriksen, Gender and Well-Being: The role of institutions, Ashgate Publications
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Dec
A paper examined the determinants of cross-national variation in women's chances of being in a high-status occupation in 12 west European countries.
Source: Andrea Schafer, Ingrid Tucci, and Karin Gottschall, Top Down or Bottom Up? A cross-national study of vertical occupational sex segregation in twelve European countries, Working Paper 4/2011, Centre for Social Policy Research (University of Bremen)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Dec
An article examined the perpetrators of abuse among older women living in the community in Europe. 28.1 per cent of older women across all countries had experienced some kind of violence and abuse, in the previous 12 months, by someone who was close to them.
Source: Liesbeth De Donder, Gert Lang, Minna-Liisa Luoma, Bridget Penhale, Jose Ferreira Alves, Ilona Tamutiene, Ana Santos, Mira Koivusilta, Edith Enzenhofer, Sirkka Perttu, Tiina Savola, and Dominique Verte, 'Perpetrators of abuse against older women: a multi-national study in Europe', Journal of Adult Protection, Volume 13 Number 6
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Dec
A study examined the employment consequences of minimum wage regulation in 16 developed (OECD) countries during the period 1970-2008. Minimum wages caused material employment losses among 'prime-age females'. Minimum wage increases were more associated with (reduced) participation rates than with elevated joblessness. Prime-age females did not exhibit stronger employment losses in countries with the least regulated markets.
Source: John Addison and Orgul Demet Ozturk, Minimum Wages, Labor Market Institutions, and Female Employment: A cross-country analysis, Institute for Advanced Studies (Vienna)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Dec
An article examined the relationship between (on the one hand) transnational migration, gender, and care regimes in Europe, and (on the other) migrants' arrangements for labour and care.
Source: Helma Lutz and Ewa Palenga-Mollenbeck, 'Care, gender and migration: towards a theory of transnational domestic work migration in Europe', Journal of Contemporary European Studies, Volume 19 Issue 3
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Nov
A new book examined divergent policy-making in European Union member states in relation to gender equality. It considered policy issues ranging from gender violence to reconciliation and anti-discrimination policies, based on case studies and comparisons covering up to 29 European countries.
Source: Emanuela Lombardo and Maxime Forest (eds.), The Europeanization of Gender Equality Policies: A discursive-sociological approach, Palgrave Macmillan
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Nov
A report said that hate crimes continued to be a serious problem across Europe – with numerous instances in 2010 of intimidation, threats, vandalism, arson, assault, and murder, targeting individuals or groups because of their ethnicity, religion, or other status.
Source: Hate Crimes in the OSCE Region: Incidents and responses, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Links: Report | OSCE press release
Date: 2011-Nov
A paper examined the gender gap in wages among recent graduates in 11 European countries. The most important factors accounting for the gender gap were employment characteristics, followed by working hours. Human capital, work-family reconciliation issues, and individuals' preferences mattered in most countries: but their role was not prominent. There was also evidence of a correlation between several macro-institutional indicators (type of wage-setting institutions and welfare policies) and the extent of the gender gap, suggesting that wage determination was deeply rooted in institutional contexts.
Source: Moris Triventi, The Gender Wage Gap Among Recent European Graduates, AlmaLaurea Inter-University Consortium (Italy
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Nov
A new book examined developments in the content and forms of care in European societies, focusing on gender issues.
Source: Hanne Marlene Dahl, Marja Keranen, and Anne Kovalainen (eds.), Europeanization, Care and Gender: Global complexities, Palgrave Macmillan
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Nov
A paper examined how mothers' return to work behaviour and labour market outcomes in developed countries were affected by alternative mixes of policies on job protection and cash benefits. A policy that combined both job protection and benefits payments was successful in inducing mothers to spend some time with their child after birth, without jeopardizing their medium-run labour market attachment.
Source: Rafael Lalive, Anal a Schlosser, Andreas Steinhauer, and Josef Zweim ller, Parental Leave and Mothers' Careers: The relative importance of job protection and cash benefits, Working Paper 42, Department of Economics, University of Zurich
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Nov
An article used European time-use survey data to examine the role of care work that took place outside the marketplace. Including time use in gendered analyses of welfare regimes showed how unpaid care work was at the core of gender inequality in all countries.
Source: Lina Galvez-Munoz, Paula Rodriguez-Modrono, and Monica Dominguez-Serrano, 'Work and time use by gender: a new clustering of European welfare systems', Feminist Economics, Volume 17 Issue 4
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Nov
The United Kingdom equality and human rights watchdog reported the outcomes of a workshop that reviewed equal pay initiatives in Europe, and the responses of national equality bodies to European Union recommendations on closing the gender pay gap.
Source: The National Equality Body Contribution to Closing the Gender Pay Gap, Equality and Human Rights Commission
Links: Report
Date: 2011-Oct
A study examined whether there were problems in the European Union member states concerning sex discrimination in access to compulsory education. Sex discrimination appeared to be a 'marginal' issue.
Source: Katerina Mantouvalou, Inga Pavlovaite, and Pat Irving, Sex Discrimination in Access to Education: Evaluation of the need for and effectiveness of current measures in the member states, European Commission
Links: Report | Corrigendum
Date: 2011-Oct
A report examined the reconciliation of work and family life as a condition of equal participation in the labour market in Europe. A number of European Union member states had made changes to allow for the increased involvement of fathers in childcare. Improvements had also been made in the availability and access of childcare services to parents from across the member states. Nevertheless, women still remained the main carers for children: they were comparatively more involved in part-time work (in order to be able to care for children), and therefore worked longer paid and unpaid hours than men.
Source: Jolanta Reingarde, Ioana Borza, Ilze Burkevica, Merle Paats, and George Kyriacou, Reconciliation of Work and Family Life as a Condition of Equal Participation in the Labour Market, European Institute for Gender Equality
Links: Report
Date: 2011-Oct
A new book examined the gendered aspects of educational experiences and outcomes of migrant children, and particularly young migrant women, in 5 European countries (including the United Kingdom).
Source: Josie Christodoulou et al., Young Migrant Women in Secondary Education: Promoting integration and mutual understanding through dialogue and exchange, University of Nicosia Press
Links: Book text | EWL press release
Date: 2011-Oct
A study examined whether the European Union had the legal competence to adopt legislation on crimes motivated by hatred against specified groups identified by reference to race, sex, sexual orientation, disability, age, and religion.
Source: Steve Peers, The Legal Grounds for Inclusive EU Legislation Against Bias Violence and Hatred, ILGA-Europe
Links: Report
Date: 2011-Oct
A paper challenged the view that 'women friendly' policies that brought women into the workforce in western countries created major inequality trade-offs between quantity and quality in women's jobs.
Source: Walter Korpi, Tommy Ferrarini, and Stefan Englund, Women's Opportunities Under Different Constellations of Family Policies in Western Countries: Inequality tradeoffs re-examined, Working Paper 2/2011, Swedish Institute for Social Research (Stockholm University)
Date: 2011-Sep
A new book examined the impact of European social movements on gendered political and material well-being. Social movements had been instrumental in changing individual well-being through participation and empowerment, and had contributed to collective well-being thanks to victories in health, sexualities, political recognition, and access to material goods.
Source: Alison Woodward, Jean-Michel Bonvin, and Merce Renom (eds.), Transforming Gendered Well-Being in Europe: The Impact of Social Movements, Ashgate Publications
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Sep
A paper examined the association between temporary employment, poverty, and gender differences in European countries. Temporary workers had a higher poverty risk than permanent workers, mainly caused by lower wages. Temporary women workers had a lower poverty risk than their male counterparts: they were better protected because they were more often secondary earners in a dual-earning household,
Source: Wim Van Lancker, It?s All About the Money? Temporary employment, gender, poverty and the role of regulations from a broad European perspective, Working Paper 11/02, Herman Deleeck Centre for Social Policy (University of Antwerp)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Sep
An article developed a conceptual framework for analyzing the degree to which public policies supported gender equity in paid work and care in European Union countries.
Source: Chiara Saraceno and Wolfgang Keck, 'Towards an integrated approach for the analysis of gender equity in policies supporting paid work and care responsibilities', Demographic Research, Volume 25
Date: 2011-Aug
An article examined the ways in which European jurisprudence had viewed and ruled on gender identity discrimination.
Source: Lauri Sivonen, 'Gender identity discrimination in European judicial discourse', Equal Rights Review, Volume 7
Links: Article
Date: 2011-Aug
An article examined the views on gender relations expressed by women active in the contemporary Islamic revival movements in Europe.
Source: Jeanette Jouili, 'Beyond emancipation: subjectivities and ethics among women in Europe's Islamic revival communities', Feminist Review, Volume 98 Issue 1
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Jul
A report examined the issue of women and occupational diseases in the European Union.
Source: Daniela Tieves, Women and Occupational Diseases in the European Union, European Trade Union Institute
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Jul
A report examined good practice in attempts to increase the engagement of men and boys in gender equality initiatives in Europe.
Source: Elisabeth Duban, Mending Inequalities: Men and gender equality in the OSCE region, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Links: Report
Date: 2011-Jul
A study found that the introduction of same-sex partnership legislation could lead to a decrease in anti-gay/lesbian attitudes in Europe.
Source: Judit Takacs and Ivett Szalma, 'Homophobia and same-sex partnership legislation in Europe', Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, Volume 30 Issue 5
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Jun
A paper analyzed the impact of the global financial and economic crisis on gender equality in terms of labour market and welfare outcomes, based on an in-depth examination of three European countries.
Source: Janine Leschke and Maria Jepsen, The Economic Crisis – Challenge or Opportunity for Gender Equality in Social Policy Outcomes? A comparison of Denmark, Germany and the UK, Working Paper 2011-04, European Trade Union Institute
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Jun
A paper examined the benefit and service policies in developed (OECD) countries that were most effective in assisting partnered women into work, and conducted case studies of Australia and Denmark. It assessed the transferability of these policies to the United Kingdom context.
Source: Jo Ingold, An International Comparison of Approaches to Assisting Partnered Women Into Work, Working Paper 101, Department for Work and Pensions
Links: Working paper
Date: 2011-Jun
A report examined trends in European Union law on tackling discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation or gender identity. Progress was occurring at a variety of speeds, resulting in an uneven and unco-ordinated response to discrimination in areas such as protection from abuse and violence, and freedom of assembly.
Source: Homophobia, Transphobia and Discrimination on Grounds of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the EU Member States: Summary of findings, trends, challenges and promising practices, Fundamental Rights Agency (European Commission)
Links: Report
Date: 2011-Jun
A report examined the human rights situation of lesbian/gay/bisexual/transsexual people in Europe, and made recommendations for developing and implementing effective measures to address discrimination.
Source: Discrimination on Grounds of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in Europe, Council of Europe
Links: Summary | European Parliament (LGBT Group) press release | ILGA-Europe press release | Transgender Europe press release
Date: 2011-Jun
A statement called on European and national policy-makers to integrate a women's rights and gender equality perspective into decisions about the scope, priorities, and financing of the post-2013 European Union multi-annual financial framework.
Source: Towards a Gender Responsive, Accountable and Participatory Post-2013 EU Multi-Annual Financial Framework and EU Financing Instruments, European Women's Lobby/WIDE Network/Gender Working Group of CONCORD
Links: Statement
Notes: The multi-annual financial framework indicates the maximum amount, and the composition, of foreseeable European Union expenditure.
Date: 2011-Jun
A paper examined the role played by public sector employment in developed (OECD) countries in explaining gender differences regarding choices to work in either the public or private sectors, and subsequent changes in female labour market outcomes.
Source: Brindusa Anghel, Sara de la Rica, and Juan Dolado, The Effect of Public Sector Employment on Women s Labour Market Outcomes, Discussion Paper 5825, Institute for the Study of Labor (Bonn)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Jun
The European Court of Justice ruled that a supplementary retirement pension paid to a partner in a civil partnership might constitute discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation where it was lower than that granted in a marriage.
Source: Jurgen Romer v Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg, European Court of Justice
Links: Judgement | ECJ press release
Date: 2011-May
An article said that women's employment was found to be negatively associated with informal caregiving to elderly people across the European Union.
Source: Andreas Kotsadam, 'Does informal eldercare impede women's employment? The case of European welfare states', Feminist Economics, Volume 17 Issue 2
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-May
An article examined long-term cross-national trends in paid and unpaid work time. There had been a 'slow and incomplete' convergence of women's and men's work patterns. Women still did the bulk of routine housework and caring for family members, while men had increased their contributions disproportionately to non-routine domestic work – suggesting that gender ideologies remained important features of the division of domestic labour.
Source: Man Yee Kan, Oriel Sullivan, and Jonathan Gershuny, 'Gender convergence in domestic work: discerning the effects of interactional and institutional barriers from large-scale data', Sociology, Volume 45 Issue 2
Links: Abstract | Oxford University press release
Date: 2011-May
A paper examined the gender dimension of transport policy in developed countries.
Source: Chantal Duchene, Gender and Transport, Discussion Paper 2011-11, International Transport Forum (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-May
An article examined the opportunities and risks for the advancement of gender equality in the European Union offered by the establishment of the European Institute for Gender Equality.
Source: Agnes Hubert and Maria Stratigaki, 'The European Institute for Gender Equality: A window of opportunity for gender equality policies?', European Journal of Women's Studies, Volume 18 Number 2
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-May
An article examined the relationship between particular work-life policies and mothers' employment outcomes in European countries. Work-life policies were generally associated with positive employment outcomes for mothers, relative to childless women. Work-facilitating policies such as childcare for young children had decisively positive effects on mothers' employment hours and wages. Work-reducing policies, such as parental leave, could have positive effects if the amount of leave were moderate in length.
Source: Joya Misra, Michelle Budig, and Irene Boeckmann, 'Work-family policies and the effects of children on women's employment hours and wages', Community, Work & Family, Volume 14 Number 2
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-May
A paper examined the background to a decision by the European Court of Justice (in March 20111) that insurers could not discriminate on grounds of sex in setting premiums or determining benefits. It said that the judicial defence of fundamental rights was a weak basis for social policy, and did not foreshadow a revolution in the development of social rights in Europe.
Source: Deborah Mabbett, A Rights Revolution in Europe? Regulatory and judicial approaches to nondiscrimination in insurance, LEQS Paper 38/2011, London School of Economics
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-May
An article provided an overview of research on the effect of different work-life policies on women's labour market outcomes in European and other developed countries.
Source: Ariane Hegewisch and Janet Gornick, 'The impact of work-family policies on women's employment: a review of research from OECD countries', Community, Work & Family, Volume 14 Number 2
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-May
An article examined the relationship between the time spent on paid work and on childcare by fathers in European countries. Fathers who spent more time with their children earned more per hour and worked fewer hours per week, on average, than those who spent less time with their children.
Source: Alison Smith Koslowski, 'Working fathers in Europe: earning and caring', European Sociological Review, Volume 27 Number 2
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Apr
The Council of Europe formally approved a convention on preventing and combating violence against women the first binding text in Europe to focus on all forms of violence against women.
Source: Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence, Council of Europe
Links: Convention | Explanatory report
Date: 2011-Apr
An article examined the impact of the economic crisis on gender relations in European Union member states. It concluded that the crisis and accompanying economic policies would not lead to more gender equality in the labour market or in society.
Source: Friederike Maier, 'Will the crisis change gender relations in labour markets and society?', Journal of Contemporary European Studies, Volume 19 Issue 1
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Apr
A new book examined the intellectual and social status and treatment of 'queer' in European countries. It considered the ways in which the concept 'queer' was adapted in different national contexts, where it took on subtly different overtones, determined by local political specificities and intellectual traditions.
Source: Lisa Downing and Robert Gillett (eds.), Queer in Europe: Contemporary case studies, Ashgate Publications
Links: Summary
Date: 2011-Apr
A paper examined the determinants of females' decisions to invest in post-secondary education in Europe.
Source: Alessandra Casarico, Paola Profeta, and Chiara Pronzato, Great Expectations: The determinants of female university enrolment in Europe, Working Paper 44, Dondena Research Centre (Bocconi University, Milan)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Apr
A study examined violence against women aged 60 and over at the hands of existing and/or former intimate partners in 6 European countries – Austria, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Portugal, and the United Kingdom.
Source: Barbara Nagele, Urte Bohm, Thomas Gorgen, and Olga Toth, Intimate Partner Violence Against Older Women, European Commission
Date: 2011-Mar
The European Commission published a strategy for promoting equality between women and men, covering the period 2010-2015. It said that the actions proposed followed the dual approach of gender mainstreaming (the integration of the gender dimension in all policy areas) and specific measures.
Source: Strategy for Equality Between Women and Men 2010-2015, European Commission
Links: Strategy | Background document
Date: 2011-Mar
An article examined the literature concerning the involvement of European men during pregnancy and childbirth, and considered how this was related to health outcomes – for the men themselves, their partners, and their children.
Source: Lars Plantin, Adepeju Aderemi Olukoya, and Pernilla Ny, 'Positive health outcomes of fathers' involvement in pregnancy and childbirth paternal support: a scope study literature review', Fathering: A Journal of Theory, Research, and Practice about Men as Fathers, Volume 9 Number 1
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Mar
The European Parliament approved a report calling on the European Commission to cut the gender pay gap by 1 per cent per year, in order to produce a 10 per cent cut by 2020 and help to tackle the problem of female poverty.
Source: Rovana Plumb MEP, Report on the Face of Female Poverty in the European Union, European Parliament
Links: Report | S&D Group press release
Date: 2011-Mar
The European Court of Justice ruled that using differences between men and women as a risk factor in setting premiums for insurance products breached EU rules on equality.
Source: Association Belge des Consommateurs Test-Achats ASBL and Others v Conseil des Ministres, European Court of Justice
Links: Judgement | ECJ press release | European Commission press release | ABI press release | EWL press release | NAPF press release | Open Europe press release | PAS press release | PwC press release | TUC press release | Guardian report | Professional Pensions report | Telegraph report
Date: 2011-Mar
An article examined the relationship between the work histories and personal incomes (from both public and private sources) of older women in the United Kingdom, United States of America, and West Germany. The association between older women's incomes and work histories was strongest in West Germany and weakest in the United Kingdom, where there was evidence of a 'pensions poverty trap' and where only predominantly full-time employment was associated with significantly higher incomes in later life.
Source: Tom Sefton, Maria Evandrou, Jane Falkingham, and Athina Vlachantoni, 'The relationship between women s work histories and incomes in later life in the UK, US and West Germany', Journal of European Social Policy, Volume 21 Number 1
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Mar
A report said that there were still some substantial gender pay gaps across the public sector in Europe, posing a major challenge to European unions in their efforts to close those gaps by 5 percentage points by 2014.
Source: Reducing the Gender Pay Gap: Implementing the equal pay resolutions from the 2009 EPSU Congress Report 2010, European Federation of Public Service Unions
Links: Report | EPSU press release
Date: 2011-Mar
A report examined developments towards gender equality in the European Union in 2010. A special section considered the gender balance in business leadership.
Source: Report on Progress on Equality Between Women and Men in 2010: The gender balance in business leadership, European Commission
Links: Report
Date: 2011-Mar
The European Union adopted a new 'pact' for gender equality for the period 2011-2020. It reaffirmed its commitments to closing gender gaps in employment, education, and social protection; promoting better work-life balance for women and men; and combating all forms of violence against women.
Source: Council Conclusions on the European Pact for Gender Equality for the Period 2011-2020, European Union
Links: Pact | European Union press release | EWL statement | HRW press release
Date: 2011-Mar
An article examined the impact of 'political opportunity structures' on the activity choices of women's groups in the United Kingdom, France, and Germany.
Source: Lori Poloni-Staudinger and Candice Ortbals, 'Gendered political opportunities? Elite alliances, electoral cleavages, and activity choice among women's groups in the UK, France, and Germany', Social Movement Studies, Volume 10 Issue 1
Links: Abstract
Date: 2011-Mar
An article examined claims that European welfare states were in the process of creating an 'adult worker' model. There was a strong move towards individualization, as social policy promoted and valorized individual agency and self-sufficiency, and shifted some childcare from the family. Yet evidence was also found of continued (albeit changed) 'familism'. Rather than an unequivocal move to an individualized worker model, a dual-earner, gender-specialized, family arrangement was being promoted.
Source: Mary Daly, 'What adult worker model? A critical look at recent social policy reform in Europe from a gender and family perspective', Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, Volume 18 Number 1
Links: Abstract
Notes: An 'adult worker' model is one in which it is assumed that both men and women are active in the labour market – in contradistinction to the 'male breadwinner' model.
Date: 2011-Mar
A paper examined the situation in relation to gender equality in the European Union (in five significant areas) in the first year of the Strategy for Equality between Women and Men (2010-2015). Despite a general trend towards more equality in society and in the labour market, progress in eliminating gender inequalities remained slow.
Source: Report on the Progress on Equality Between Women and Men in 2010, European Commission
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Feb
A report said that the increase in smoking by women and girls in European countries was in large part due to skilful and successful marketing by the tobacco industry. The industry had taken a tailored approach to targeting women and girls in their campaigns: the tobacco control community needed to do the same.
Source: Empower Women: Combating tobacco industry marketing in the European region, World Health Organisation
Links: Report | WHO press release
Date: 2011-Feb
An article said that smoking accounted for 40-60 per cent of the difference in mortality between men and women in European countries.
Source: Gerry McCartney, Lamia Mahmood, Alastair Leyland, David Batty, and Kate Hunt, 'Contribution of smoking-related and alcohol-related deaths to the gender gap in mortality: evidence from 30 European countries', Tobacco Control, Volume 20 Number 2
Links: Abstract | European Commission press release
Date: 2011-Feb
A report provided an overview of flexible working time arrangements and gender equality in the 27 European Union member states and the three EEA-EFTA countries. The focus was on internal quantitative flexibility – flexibility in the length of working time, and flexible organization of working time.
Source: Janneke Plantenga and Chantal Remery, Flexible Working Time Arrangements and Gender Equality: A comparative review of 30 European countries, European Commission
Links: Report | European Commission press release
Notes: EEA = European Economic Area; EFTA = European Free Trade Association
Date: 2011-Jan
The final text was approved of a draft Council of Europe convention on preventing and combating violence against women – the first binding text in Europe to focus on all forms of violence against women.
Source: Draft Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence, Directorate General of Human Rights and Legal Affairs, Council of Europe
Links: Draft convention
Notes: The draft convention was due to be considered by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe in March 2011.
Date: 2011-Jan
A paper examined the work of equality bodies in European Union member states in promoting equality for, and combating discrimination against, transsexual people.
Source: Making Equality Legislation Work for Trans People, Equinet (European Network of Equality Bodies)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Jan
A paper examined the effect of being a housewife on the well-being of women, using European Values Study data (2008) for 36 European countries. The effect of homemaking on well-being was positive overall, although it varied between countries. Three possible explanations of this variation were examined.
Source: Malgorzata Mikucka, Homemaking and Women's Well-Being in Europe: Effect of divorce risk, selection and dominating gender-role attitudes, Working Paper 2011/09, Centre for Population, Poverty and Public Policy Studies (CEPS/INSTEAD)
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Jan
A report examined domestic violence against women from minority-ethnic and Roma backgrounds in the United Kingdom and Hungary. Stereotyping and racism often contributed to women not being able to access adequate protection.
Source: Yesim Yaprak Yildiz, Fruzsina Baumann, and Sumita Dutta, Empowering Women or Perpetuating Victimhood: Minority ethnic and Roma women's experiences of domestic violence policy and service provision, IMECE Turkish Speaking Women's Group/London Training and Employment Network/Regional Social Welfare Resource Centre
Links: Report
Date: 2011-Jan
A paper examined the relationship between part-time employment and job satisfaction for mothers in the United Kingdom, Denmark, the Netherlands, Finland, France, Spain, and Germany. Poor-quality jobs could diminish any positive effects of part-time employment on well-being. Mothers in part-time jobs in the UK experienced higher levels of job satisfaction, but not of overall life satisfaction, compared with their full-time counterparts.
Source: Jenny Willson and Andy Dickerson, Part Time Employment and Happiness: A cross-country analysis, SERP 2010021, Department of Economics, University of Sheffield
Links: Paper
Date: 2011-Jan
